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Sunday, October 31, 2010

Linux Plesk Backend Files

Plesk root directory : /usr/local/psa

Version : /usr/local/psa/version

Admin password is stored : /etc/psa/.psa.shadow

Plesk configuration file : /etc/psa/psa.conf

Restart Plesk : /etc/rc.d/init.d/plesk restart

Apache

Main httpd configuration file : /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

Plesk httpd : /etc/httpd/conf.d/zz010_psa_httpd.conf

Include conf files are under : /etc/httpd/conf.d (depends on the location specified in main httpd)

Startup script for plesk apache : /usr/local/psa/admin/bin/httpsdctl start

Apache main log files under : /var/log/httpd


PHP

Php configuration file : /etc/php.ini

Php extension modules are taken from : /etc/php.d


Named

Conf file located : /var/named/run-root/etc/named.conf

DB record : /var/named/run-root/var/domain.com

Log file : /var/log/messages

Service to restart : /etc/init.d/named restart


FTP


Conf file : /etc/proftpd.conf

Log file : /var/log/messages


Mysql


Databases are located at : /var/lib/mysql

Configuration file : /etc/my.cnf

Mysql log : /var/log/mysqld.log

Mail Server


Location of qmail directory : /var/qmail

Mail directory of a domain : /var/qmail/mailnames/domain.com

Mail log : /var/log/maillog or /usr/local/psa/var/log/maillog


Home directory of a domain

Home directory : /var/www/vhosts/domain.com

Httpd conf file of a domain : /var/www/vhosts/domain.com/conf/httpd.include

document root directory : /var/www/vhosts/domain.com/httpdocs

Document root directory of secure website : /var/www/vhosts/domain.com/httpdsdocs

Subdomains are created under : /var/www/vhosts/domain.com/subdomains

Domain specific logs are under : /var/www/vhosts/domain.com/statistics/ logs

==============================================

To log in to plesk use
https: :8443

There are four login levels for plesk
They are
1) Administrator
2)Client/Reseller
3) Domain owner
4) Email user

Each level has got its own functions


Administrator

This login is used to by hosting administators to manage the server items . Client/reseller,Domain owner,Email user creation can be done by using this account.
Note : We cannot use the root password for login to this account as in Cpanel. To login to this account use
Username : admin
Password : (will be stored in fiel /etc/psa/.psa.shadow )


Client/Reseller

This is the second tier account . Domain owner accounts and Email user accounts can be managed from this account.

Domain owner


Everything related to one domain can be managed by using this account. usually client/reseller creates a Domain owner account.


mail user

This is the fourth tier account. Here users are allowed to manage their mail account. Only mail related functions are allowed here such as sending mails ,seting spam filters etc.
Software componets of plesk.

The following software components are used with plesk.


DNS server : bind
Webserver : Apache
FTP server : proftpd
Mail server : Mysql,mssql,postgresql
IMAP/POP : courier-IMAP
Mailing list: Mailman
Statistical softwares : Webalizer, AWstats


Types of hosting


In plesk, 3 modes of hosting are avaliable
They are
Physical hosting
The domain is actually hosted on that server.
Standard Hosting
Here url is redirected such that browser url will be changed to destination url
Frame forward
Here also redirection takes place. But browser url doesnot change


PSA DATABASE
*****************
Plesk has a database called psa. We can use the administrator username(admin) and password to login to psa database.
>Tables in psa database are
1. Domains
2. Clients
3. db_users
4.db_bases
5. disk_spaces
6.mail
7.lockout
8. web_users


Backup


> To back up all data
/plesk_installation_directory/bin/pleskbackup all name>
> To back up all user accounts with all users’ sites,
/plesk_installation_directory/bin/pleskbackup clients

Wednesday, October 27, 2010

Windows Plesk backend.

Webserver:

To switch Plesk Control Panel web provider you can use the following commands:
-------------------
IIS to Apache
"%plesk_bin%\reconfigurator.exe" --switch-plesk-web-server --new-provider=apache

Apache to IIS
"%plesk_bin%\reconfigurator.exe" --switch-plesk-web-server --new-provider=iis

To install hosting for a domain
websrvmng.exe --install-vhost --vhost-name=

To remove hosting for a domain
websrvmng.exe --remove-vhost --vhost-name=

To reconfigure hosting for a domain
websrvmng.exe --reconfigure-vhost --vhost-name=

To reconfigure a subdomain
websrvmng.exe --update-subdomain --vhost-name= --subdomain=

Passwords for system user and IIS user can be unsynchronized or synchronised using
websrvmng.exe --update-anon-password --domain-name=

To reconfigure webmail
websrvmng.exe --reconfigure-webmail
defpackagemng.exe" --fix --type=webmail

Re-configure FTP configuration

For a particular domain.
"%plesk_bin%\ftpmng.exe" --remove-vhost --vhost-name=yourdomain.com
"%plesk_bin%\ftpmng.exe" --reconfigure-vhost --vhost-name=yourdomain.com

For all domains in the server.
"%plesk_bin%\ftpmng.exe" --remove-all
"%plesk_bin%\ftpmng.exe" --reconfigure-all

Sunday, October 24, 2010

Windows shortcuts from Run

Add/Remove Programs - appwiz.cpl
Check Disk Utility - chkdsk
Command Prompt - cmd
Component Services - dcomcnfg
Computer Management - compmgmt.msc
Date and Time Properties - timedate.cpl
Device Manager - devmgmt.msc
Disk Management - diskmgmt.msc
Disk Partition Manager - diskpart
Display Properties - desk.cpl
Event Viewer - eventvwr.msc
Fonts control - fonts
Group Policy Editor -gpedit.msc
Local Security Settings - secpol.msc
Local Users and Groups - lusrmgr.msc
Network Connections - ncpa.cpl
Performance Monitor - perfmon.msc
Performance Monitor - perfmon
Power Configuration - powercfg.cpl
Registry Editor - regedit
Remote Desktop - mstsc
Services - services.msc
SQL Client Configuration - cliconfg
System Configuration Utility - msconfig
System File Checker Utility (Scan Immediately) - sfc /scannow
System File Checker Utility (Scan Once At Next Boot) - sfc /scanonce
System File Checker Utility (Scan On Every Boot) - sfc /scanboot
System File Checker Utility (Return to Default Set - sfc /purgecache
System File Checker Utility (Set Cache Size to size x) - sfc /cachesize=x
System Properties - sysdm.cpl
Task Manager - taskmgr
Utility Manager - utilman
Windows Firewall - firewall.cpl
Windows Management Infrastructure - wmimgmt.msc
Windows System Security Tool - syskey

Wednesday, July 7, 2010

Some Plesk

1. Getting all the domain account information from Plesk
------------------------------------------------------------------------

mysql -uadmin -p`cat /etc/psa/.psa.shadow` -D psa -e "select
login,password,home from sys_users INNER JOIN accounts on
accounts.id=sys_users.account_id;"

2. Get client login details from Plesk.
-----------------------------------------------

mysql -uadmin -p`cat /etc/psa/.psa.shadow` -D psa -e "select
login,password from clients INNER JOIN accounts on
accounts.id=clients.account_id;"

3. Getting all mail account login information
--------------------------------------------------------

mysql -uadmin -p`cat /etc/psa/.psa.shadow` -D psa -e "SELECT
CONCAT_WS('@',mail.mail_name,domains.name) as email ,accounts.password
FROM domains,mail,accounts WHERE domains.id=mail.dom_id AND
accounts.id=mail.account_id ORDER BY domains.name ASC,mail.mail_name ASC;"

4. Creating/deleting/updating mail accounts using command line
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

create mail account

/usr/local/psa/bin/mail -c USER@DOMAIN.COM -passwd PASSWORD -mailbox
true -cp-access true

update mail account

/usr/local/psa/bin/mail -u USER@DOMAIN.COM -passwd NEWPASS

remove mail account

/usr/local/psa/bin/mail --remove USER@DOMAIN.COM

5. Mailing list management
----------------------------------

creating mailing list

/usr/local/psa/bin/maillist --create MYLIST -domain DOMAIN.COM
-passwd_type plain -passwd PASS -notify false -email LISTADMIN@DOMAIN.COM

Adding/removing members to the mailing list.

/usr/local/psa/bin/maillist -u MYLIST -domain DOMAIN.COM -members
add:NEW@DOMAIN.COM

/usr/local/psa/bin/maillist -u MYLIST -domain DOMAIN.COM -members
del:NEW@DOMAIN.COM

Getting list members

/usr/local/psa/bin/maillist -i MYLIST -domain DOMAIN.COM

Removing list

/usr/local/psa/bin/maillist -r MYLIST -domain DOMAIN.COM

6. Managing databases.
------------------------------

create database

/usr/local/psa/bin/database --create DBNAME -domain DOMAIN.COM -server
localhost:3306 -add_user DBUSER -passwd PASS

remove database

/usr/local/psa/bin/database -r DBNAME

Tuesday, July 6, 2010

OpenVZ Commands

Introduction

====================
vz -> recommends ext3 file system
PIM -> IP:4643
PMC -> mangaing h/w node
PPP -> for managing a single container
All the above things need a license from parallel
====================

Templates

====================
OS template -> vzpkg (cache needs to created before creating the container)
EZ template -> points to the repository that contains packages that constitute the template
Application template -> mysql template
====================

To create a container

====================
vzctl create
the container ID > 100
32 -bit integer
ID - 0 -> h/w node
ID -1 -> service container

/etc/vz/conf -> for the sample file names (only use the main part of the file name)

vzctl set - configure the container
vzctl exec - run anything on the container
vzctl status/vzlist 101

vzpkg - for adding application templates on h/w node (/vz/templates)
- the same command can be used for installing/removing the template into a the container.

Virtuozzo - User's guide

OS virtualization - (1-2% of is spent on the virtualization s/w)
VZFS - allows sharing of common files among containers
Hardware node & Containers

/etc/vz/vz.conf
/etc/vz/conf/
/etc/vzbackup.conf

Standard migration
vzmigrate

Zero downtime migration
vzmigrate --online --require-realtime my_node.com 101

Move the container within the h/w node
vzmlocal

Backup & restore
vzabackup/vzarestore

Reinstall container
vzctl recover -> restores the VZFS symlinks
vzctl reinstall -> creates new private area for the container, copies the old private area to /old dir
- vps.configure, vps.reinstall

Delete the container
vzctl destroy

Disabling the container
vzctl set

Suspending the container
vzctl suspend

Setting up resources
disk quotas - first level(how much files or disk space the container can use) and second level (quotaugidlimit > no of entries in /etc/passwd or group files)
Container must be restarted to come this changes into effect

vzquota - to check the status of the quota info

Cleaning up containers - to move identical files from contrainers to /vz/template/vc folder
vzcache

Linking container files with application templates
vzpkg link
vzpkglink
vzpkgls

Managing CPU - cpu share and the number of processors the node can make use of.
vzcpucheck

Network traffic
/etc/vz/conf/networks_classes - after any changes, you need to service vz accrestart
class 0 - no accounting will be performed
class 1 - defined by containers to match any IP address
vznetstat

Bandwidth management (outgoing traffic)
service vz shaperon, shaperrestart, shaperoff
BANDWIDTH -> kilobites per second
TOTALRATE -> ::

For container
RATE -> ::
RATEBOUND -> to specify if the bandwidth is limited to the RATEBOUND
====================

Monitoring tools

====================
vzstat
vzps
vzpid
vztop
vzsetxinetd

Virtuozzo networks
vznetcfg if list

vznetcfg vlan add eth0 5
vznetcfg vlan del eth0.5

vznetcfg net addif vznetwork1 eth0
vznetcfg net delif eth0

vznetcfg net new vznetwork1
vznetcfg net del vznetwork1
vznetcfg net list

venet0 --?

License
vzlicload
vzlicupdate
vzlicview

Keeping system up2date
The h/w node can be updated using the normal update procedures without affecting virtuozzo
vzup2date - /etc/sysconfig/vzup2date/vzup2date.conf
vzup2date -m batch install --core
vzup2date -t -m batch install --all-os

Updating the containers
vzpkg update 101 redhat-el5-x86
vzpkg update 101
vzpkg update cache fedora-core-8-x86

Loading iptables modules
/etc/sysconfig/iptables-config
/etc/vz/vz.conf
/etc/vz/conf/.conf

VZFS-v2

Virtuozzo - Templates management guide

/vz/template
/vz/private/
/vz/root/

vzpkg - for managing VZ template
vzpkgls - for listing standard template

vzpkg install -p 110 yum

Virtuozzo - Managing UBC Resources

vzcfgvalidate

VE0CPUUNITS
SLM parameters

i-node setups

ext3 - 1 inode per every 4K

Monday, January 25, 2010

Hspere files

-- To find the php version

/hsphere/shared/php4/bin/php-cli -v
PHP 4.4.9 (cli) (built: Aug 20 2008 15:07:03)

-- Paths to php.ini
/hsphere/local/config/httpd/php4/php.ini for PHP4
/hsphere/local/config/httpd/php4/php.ini for PHP5

Http:
~~~

-- Document root for each domain:
/hsphere/local/home//

-- Main conf file:
/hsphere/local/config/httpd/httpd.conf

-- Conf file for all sites:
/hsphere/local/config/httpd/sites

Each virtualhost entries will be under different files xxxx.conf.
xxxx is a random numbers.

-- Main Log files: /hsphere/local/var/httpd/logs/

For each domain
~~~~~~~~~~
-- TransferLog /hsphere/local/home//logs//domain.com

-- CustomLog /hsphere/local/home//logs//referrer_log

-- ErrorLog /hsphere/local/home//logs//error_log


MYSQL:
~~~~~

-- /var/lib/mysql

-- /var/log/mysql/error.log

Mail:
~~~

-- mail box path
/hsphere/local/var/vpopmail/domains//

-- log file
/var/log/maillog

-- Qmail related file
/hsphere/local/var/qmail

Named
~~~~~

-- Conf file
/etc/named.conf

-- Zone files
/hsphere/local/var/named

This folder contains many sub-folders. Find the zone file using grep command
Eg: /hsphere/local/var/named/zones17/12/domain.com

-- Proftp Conf
/hsphere/local/config/ftpd/proftpd.conf

-- proftp referrer logs
/hsphere/local/var/proftpd/xferlog

-- Proftod logs are in this directory
/var/log/proftpd/

-- Webalizer config file
/hsphere/local/config/webalizer/webalizer.cfg

Frame forwarding

To create a file of specific size

bash-3.1$ dd if=/dev/zero of=test.png bs=1024 count=128

Reset Wordpress admin password from Database

Enter into mysql

--------------------

mysql> use dbuser;
Database changed
mysql> show databases;
+-----------------------+
| Database |
+-----------------------+
| information_schema |
| cpuser_wordpress |
+-----------------------+
3 rows in set (6.52 sec)

mysql> use cpuser_wordpress
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------------+
| Tables_in_cpuser_wordpress |
+---------------------------------+
| wp_comments |
| wp_links |
| wp_options |
| wp_postmeta |
| wp_posts |
| wp_term_relationships |
| wp_term_taxonomy |
| wp_terms |
| wp_usermeta |
| wp_users |
+---------------------------------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from wp_users\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
ID: 1
user_login: admin
user_pass: $P$B2BPfEOCFZzwbL.NRoGpxzbo/Hz8Gz1
user_nicename: admin
user_email: admin@domain.com
user_url:
user_registered: 1/1/10
user_activation_key:
user_status: 0
display_name: admin
1 row in set (0.03 sec)

mysql> update wp_users set user_pass=md('newpass') where user_login='admin';

--------------------

Sunday, January 24, 2010

To show data and time of history

export HISTTIMEFORMAT="%D %T"

Install SPF for a domain

/usr/local/cpanel/bin/spf_installer Cpanelusername

Reset database user password

Enter into mysql

----------

SET PASSWORD FOR 'brian_btball'@'localhost' = OLD_PASSWORD('604074');

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

----------

Repair Database

To repair database from shell

---------

cd /var/lib/mysql/datbase name

myisamchk --recover *.MYI

---------

Site infected

Run this script there in root ....ull seee infected files :)
Dont forget to change the username

------------


#!/bin/bash

pattern='r0nin|m0rtix|upl0ad|r57shell|c99shell|shellbot|phpshell|void\.ru|phpremoteview|directmail|bash_history|\.ru/|brute *force|multiviews|cwings|bitchx|eggdrop|guardservices|psybnc|dalnet|undernet|vulnscan|spymeta|raslan58|deface|defacing|defacer|MSRml'

searchpath=/home/lhemail/
find $searchpath \( -regex '.*\.php$' -o -regex '.*\.cgi$' -o -regex '.*\.inc$' -o -regex '.*\.pl' \) -print0 | xargs -0 egrep -il "$pattern" /dev/null | sort >> report.$$

cat report.$$

------------
Cpanel --- Ensim
==================
/etc/proftpd.conf---/home/virtual/ < your domain >/etc/prpftpd.conf

/etc/passwd --- /home/virtual/ < your domain >/etc/passwd

/etc/valiases/domain --- /home/virtual/ < your domain >/etc/aliases

/usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf --- /etc/httpd/domain.comconf/virtual/< site number >

/etc/exim.conf --- /home/virtual/ < your domain>/etc/sendmail.cf

/var/named/domain .db --- /var/named/db.domain

/usr/local/apache/logs/error_logs --- /home/virtual//var/log/httpd/error_log

/usr/local/apache/logs/access_logs --- /home/virtual/< domain >/var/log/httpd/access_logs

-------------------

Location of home directory in cpanel and ensim
In cpanel the home directory is located at /home/user name
In ensim its /home/virtual/domain name

-------------------

Temporary URL used in cpanel servers ,when the domain name is not active.
http://server ip address/~user name

-------------------

Temporary URL used in ensim servers ,when the domain name is not active
http://srv02.behosted.com/~admin< number >/

-------------------


Accessing shared ssl in cpanel
https://server ip/~user name

-------------------
Accessing sharhttps://www.dfwairparts.com/admin/categories.php?osCAdminID=74db583034663bf2f61754044bbcea4ded ssl in ensim
https://server ip/~admin < number>

-------------------

Anonymous ftp login path in cpanel
/home/user name/public_ftp/

-------------------

Anonymous ftp login path in ensim
/home/virtual/< domain name >/var/ftp

-------------------

In cpanel ftp users are created under the path
/home/user name/public_html

-------------------

In ensim the ftp users are created under the path
/home/virtual/< domain name > /home

-------------------

In cpanel all the mail accounts are located at
/home/user name/mail
In ensim all the mail accounts are located at
/home/virtual/< domain name >/var/mail

-------------------

In cpanel webmail is accessed using the link
http:// domain name or ip :2095

-------------------

In ensim you access mail using
http://domain name/squirrelmail

-------------------

In cpanel servers we have to use user name as username@domain.com while connecting using ftp.

In ensim also we have to use username@domain.com while connecting using ftp.


In cpanel servers we use user name as just user name while connecting to the server using shell access

ie ssh -l user name domain.com

In ensim we use the user name as username#domain.com

eg: ssh -l username#domain.com domain

-------------------


In cpanel the mail queue is located at the path
/var/Spool/exim/input

-------------------

In ensim there is mailqueue for each domain.
The path is /home/virtual/< domain > /var/spool/mqueue

-------------------

Public_html and cgi-bin folder in cpanel servers are located at
/home/user name/public_html
/home/user name/public_html/cgi-bin

-------------------

In ensim the document root are at
/home/virtual/< domain name > /var/www/html
/home/virtual/< domain name >/var/www/cgi-bin

-------------------

In cpanel we use vfilters to block a mail from a particular mail account .The path is /etc/vfilters/domain name

In ensim we use access file to block a mail from a particular mail account. The path is /home/virtual/site[x]/fst/etc/mail/access

format is

spam@spammer.com REJECT

-------------------

Cpanel can be restarted using the command
/etc/rc.d/init.d/cpanel3
Ensim can also be restarted using the commands
/etc/rc.d/init.d/webppliance

Tuesday, January 19, 2010

Maximum emails for a domain

To change the default maximum emails per hour of a server.
------------
[root@server ~]#vi /var/cpanel/maxemailsperhour
------------

To set maximum emails per hour for a particular domain.
-------------
[root@server ~]# vi /var/cpanel/maxemails
# If you update this file you must run /scripts/build_maxemails_config
emails.com=500
domain.net=1000

[root@server ~]#/scripts/build_maxemails_config

After this command, a file automatically get created under the directory [var/cpanel/maxemailsperdomain/]with the email value you've set for those particular domains.
Just to check, type the following which should return the value that you entered in the previous file.
-------------